Discussion- Pediatric Bipolar Depression Disorder Debate Essay

Posted: December 31st, 2022

Discussion- Pediatric Bipolar Depression Disorder Debate Essay

Discussion- Pediatric Bipolar Depression Disorder Debate-wk8 Some debate in the literature exists specific to whether or not bipolar disorder can be diagnosed in childhood. While some have anecdotally argued that it is not possible for children to develop bipolar disorder (as normal features of childhood confound the diagnosis), other sources argue that pediatric bipolar disorder is a fact. In this Discussion, you engage in a debate as to whether pediatric bipolar disorder is possible to diagnose OR NOT. Discussion- Pediatric Bipolar Depression Disorder Debate Essay. Learning Objectives Students will: • Evaluate diagnosis of pediatric bipolar depression disorder • Analyze consequences to diagnosing/failing to diagnose pediatric bipolar depression disorder To Prepare for the Discussion: • YOU will write for both positions for and against the issue of diagnosing pediatric bipolar depression disorder. • Review the Learning Resources concerning the controversy over the diagnosis of pediatric bipolar depression disorder. DEBATE QUESTION • Write “for” in the subject line of your Discussion post. • Write “against” in the subject line of your Discussion post. • Based on the position you were assigned, justify whether or not pediatric bipolar depression disorder should be diagnosed. Discussion- Pediatric Bipolar Depression Disorder Debate Essay

Pediatric Bipolar Disorder Depression Disorder Debate

A debate for diagnosis of pediatric bipolar disorder

The diagnosis of pediatric bipolar disorder has been controversial, partly because the clinical demonstrations of bipolar disorder in adolescents and children are different from adult manifestations of the condition. Additionally, there are challenges of underdiagnosis, misdiagnosis, and overdiagnosis of bipolar disorder in youth. Nevertheless, pediatric bipolar disorder is a serious condition with devastating outcomes and should be diagnosed and appropriately treated (Strakowski et al, 2016).

According to Rizvi et al, 2015) the condition is distinguished by the existence of recurring episodes of sporadic moods, ranging from hypomanic to maniac to a depressive mood in adolescents and children.  The condition results in a wide range of negative outcomes, entailing poor performance in school, difficulties in relating with others and increased suicidal ideation. Nevertheless, it can be hard to differentiate pediatric bipolar disorder from other disorders with identical symptoms. Discussion- Pediatric Bipolar Depression Disorder Debate Essay

Reasons in favor for diagnosis of pediatric bipolar disorder

Early identification of symptoms of pediatric bipolar disorder hastens initiation of treatment, thus improving outcome for the patients. Strakowski et al (2016)  allege that research has recognized primordial clinical risk and features along with resilience factors for childhood bipolar disorder, resulting in studies on the development of early interventions. The outcomes of having the commencement of bipolar disorder in vital neurodevelopmental stages are liable to have long term impacts contrasted with having the commencement of  the condition in adulthood, after most of the neurodevelopment has taken place.

According to Finding et al (2015), patients with pediatric bipolar disorder may have problems with academic achievement along with poor behavior in school. Additionally, children with bipolar disorder, along with their families, can experience considerable unhappiness and distress as a result of intrafamilial conflicts. Pediatric bipolar disorder can also negatively affect peer relationships. Bipolar disorder might be responsive to treatment during the early diagnosis of the disease. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder children is crucial. Discussion- Pediatric Bipolar Depression Disorder Debate Essay

As numerous adults with bipolar disorder report that the symptoms of their condition were existent but undiagnosed, during adolescence and childhood, it is important to recognize these patients during years of pre-adulthood. Finding et al (2015) assert that research proposes that adults people with bipolar 1 disorders might, in fact, have a range of behavioral and mood symptoms during adolescence and childhood that might as early warning indications of the consequent emergence of bipolar disorder. If the early symptoms are identified, especially in youth genetically at risk, it is feasible to develop preventative interventions for these patients.

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A debate against diagnosis of pediatric bipolar disorder

Pediatric bipolar depressive disorder cannot be properly diagnosed because the DSM utilized by psychiatrists in diagnosing bipolar disorder in adults is utilized in diagnosing bipolar disorder in youth.  According to Sadock and Sadock (2015), there is a general acknowledgment that children clinically present bipolar disorder symptoms differently from adults.  The DSM-IV doesn’t differentiate adolescent or childhood from adult-onset signs of bipolar disorder. Pediatric mania is predisposed to be continuous and chronic rather than acute and episodic.

The criteria for diagnosing bipolar disorder are similar irrespective of the age of the patient at the symptoms onset.  DSM-5 utilizes general symptoms to describe the criteria for the diagnosis of mood episodes, entailing major maniac and depressive episodes. Raskin (2017) argues that when pediatric bipolar disorder first became popular, it wasn’t even listed within the ICD or DSM as a diagnosis for kids. Additionally, the symptoms do not essentially resemble those observed in adults. Some scientist believe that aggression is the basic symptom of pediatric bipolar din children while others believe that grandiosity is the primary symptom of childhood. Discussion- Pediatric Bipolar Depression Disorder Debate Essay

A justification on why pediatric bipolar disorder should not be diagnosed

Pediatric bipolar disorder should not be diagnosed because there is controversy on bipolar symptoms in children and adolescents and how they are different from symptoms of adult bipolar disorder.  Perring and Wells (2016) note that bipolar disorder cannot, a priori, be present in children and adolescents since, developmentally, they are not sufficiently mentally mature to correspond with the wholly theoretical purported formulation. Some researchers rebuff several interpretations of pediatric bipolar disorder on the ground that the bipolar is a mood disorder, whilst many interpretations of pediatric bipolar disorder substitute mood with irritability.

According to Perring and Wells (2016), it is usually challenging to diagnose children who have not yet achieved physical, neurocognitive and emotional maturity. Changeable, labile and unstable mood is conspicuous, particularly in kids who are less than ten years. In addition, it is difficult for adolescents and children to talk about their emotions, and symptoms can have diverse meanings based upon a child’s level of development. There is a great level of comorbid syndromes in pediatric bipolar disorder particularly attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children who have not yet reached puberty, and substantial symptoms correspond with comorbid disorders that make it hard to make an accurate diagnosis.Discussion- Pediatric Bipolar Depression Disorder Debate Essay

Flamez and Sheperis (2015) assert that while there has been a problem under-diagnosis of pediatric bipolar disorder previously, overdiagnosis is presently prevalent and is worsened by the absence of the pact on the criteria to be used for diagnosis of the disorder. Opponents of the phenotype of pediatric bipolar disorder have claimed that the theorized developmental disparities in the manifestation of this condition lack scientific validation, and therefore, a lot of adolescents and children are undergoing misdiagnosis of bipolar disorder and unnecessary treatment with possibly dangerous drugs. Clinical manifestation might be different from adult-onset illness and does not permit for easy diagnostic grouping based upon DSM classifications

References

Finding, R., Kowatch, R., & Post, R. (2015). Pediatric Bipolar Disorder. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

Flamez, B., & Sheperis, C. (2015). Diagnosing and Treating Children and Adolescents: A Guide for Mental Health Professionals. New York: Wiley Publishers.

Perring, C., & Wells, L. (2016). Diagnostic Dilemmas in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Philosophical Perspectives. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Raskin, J. (2017). Abnormal Psychology: Contrasting Perspectives.  London: Macmillan International Higher Education

Rizvi, S., Ong, M., & Youngstrom, E. (2015). Bipolar disorder in children and adolescents: an update on diagnosis.  Clinical Practice, 11(6): 665-676.

Sadock, B., & Sadock, V. (2015).  Kaplan and Sadock’s Synopis of Psychiatry: Behavioral Sciences / Clinical Psychiatry. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health.

Strakowski, S., DelBello, M., & Adler, C. (2016). Bipolar Disorder in Youth: Presentation, Treatment, and Neurobiology. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Discussion- Pediatric Bipolar Depression Disorder Debate Essay