Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

Posted: January 2nd, 2023

Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

 

You spent the last few weeks implementing a portion of the comprehensive care plan you developed for the aggregate. An evaluation of plan effectiveness is now due.

In the evaluation component of the Capstone project, you are expected to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention. Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

1-The following are some questions you should seek answers to:

1. Did I implement the intervention as planned? If not, what were the reasons?

2. Are there visible signs of success (for example, reduced health issues)? If yes, describe.

2-Interview at least two members of your group to learn their views about the effectiveness of the intervention.

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3-Finally, compare the projected effectiveness of your plan before implementation with the actual effectiveness after implementation. Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

You may want to use the responses to the above questions 1 and 2 to measure the actual effectiveness of the intervention.

The evaluation component of the capstone/final paper should describe your evaluation of the implementation. Include responses to points 1, 2, and 3 above.

Also, include transcripts of the interviews with the participants from the group.

The evaluation component of the capstone/final Microsoft Word document should be a minimum of 2 of your 6-7 pages.

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Over the past nine weeks, you selected an aggregate and conducted a risk assessment of its health, developed a care plan to address those health risks, planned and implemented one intervention in a small group from the aggregate, and considered the effectiveness of the intervention on the health of the small group. Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

It’s time now for you to present your final submission of this Capstone project.

Your final submission comprises the documentation of the work accomplished through your Capstone project, a Microsoft Word Document that contains the evaluation and summary, a Microsoft PowerPoint presentation highlighting the main aspects of the project including the key things learned during the 10 weeks of working with this project, and the activities log. The activities log should be submitted to the Submissions Area by the due date assigned. Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

The complete documentation of the work accomplished over the course of the project should contain a minimum of 6–7 pages in a Microsoft Word document and should include the following information:

A detailed description of the aggregate

A description of the aggregate’s strengths and weaknesses

A risk assessment of the aggregate

Diagnoses based on the risk assessment

A detailed care plan for the aggregate

A description of how at least one intervention was implemented in the aggregate to address an identified issue

An evaluation of the effectiveness of the intervention (2 of the 6-7pages)

The Microsoft PowerPoint presentation should be concise and should include the highlights of the Capstone project and the key things learned over the course of this project, from developing, implementing, and evaluating the care plan. Your presentation should not “exceed” 15 slides. Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

Use bold sub-headings in the paper to differentiate between the evaluation and the summary information.

(I will include a copy of the following: My two chosen aggregates that were interviewed throughout the 10 weeks, windshield survey, Risk Assessment, Care Plan, Implementation of Care Plan, and Disaster Management Plan. PLEASE LET ME KNOW IF THERE IS ANYTHING ELSE YOU NEED, OR IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS.) Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

The aggregate has been identified as RISE program participants from Albany in Georgia. The Albany city was founded by Nelson Tift in 1836 as a settlement, borrowing the name from Albany, New York with an intention of developing a successful center for trade. The aggregate of interest in the present survey is the RISE program offered at the Aspire Behavioral Health facility in Albany, Georgia. This is a publicly funded medication assistance program that seeks to manage and treat opiate addiction among volunteer patients through the provision of free treatment and counseling services in a controlled environment. Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

In Albany, approximately sixteen people overdose opiates, of which five of them die every day. Approximately 75% began using prescription opioids after which they turned to heroin. Therefore, the RISE program evaluates and offers treatment based on the patients’ needs and their treatment compliance, including the ability to attend scheduled therapy meetings and pass random mandatory drug tests. The interest in the program has been occasioned by a need to understand the primary causes of addiction among the community members, and the need to improve the efficiency of treatment approaches and outcomes.

Strengths and Weaknesses

A review of the aggregate and the community in which the program resides reveals some strengths and weakness. The first strength is an awareness of the detriments of opiate addiction and the need to seek treatment. RISE program attends to volunteer patients who recognize that they are addicted to opiates and need treatment to address the addiction. The personal recognition makes the aggregate more receptive to treatment. The second strength is the presence of a treatment program (RISE program) that offers the aggregate both technical and professional assistance to manage the addiction. The program makes use of professional knowledge to leverage technical tools (medication and equipment) that help in managing opiate addiction within a safe and controlled environment. The third strength is that the treatment and counseling services offered as part of the program are freely available to the aggregate (Milstead & Short, 2019). Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

On the other hand, four weaknesses are evident in the aggregate. The first weakness is the continued availability of opiates; especially their availability through drug peddlers who consider opiates a profitable business opportunity. The second weakness is discrimination that identifies the aggregate as ‘miscreants’ who are out to cause trouble. This is a widely held notion whereby the aggregate is considered criminal in nature since they are influenced by the addiction to engage in criminal activity. The third weakness is familiar venues of opiates use. The aggregate have an intimate knowledge of their environment and know where they can get opiates so that they can easily access them even as they seek treatment. The final weakness is peer influence whereby the aggregate has created a small community of fellow opiate users so that they are easily influenced to use the opiates as they remain within the same community (Milstead & Short, 2019). As a result, the aggregate and community has three strengths and four weaknesses. Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

Risk assessment

The community was assessed as a client since the issue of interest is opiate addiction management and treatment, which is of interest to the whole community. The risk assessment was applied in a step-wise process. The first step entailed organizing and planning to engage in community health intervention. This step identified the available strengths and capabilities, such as feasible scope and accessible resources. For instance, the current program acknowledges that there are limited resources thereby restricting the scope of the intervention. The second step entailed o whereby the community of interest was identified in terms of geographical area and demographics. The present program identified the community as Albany, Georgia. The third step entailed developing a goal/vision for the identified community and aggregate. In the present case, opiate addiction has been identified as a concern in the community thus resulting in the need to identify this concern. As a result, the aggregate restricted to participants in the RISE program offered at the Aspire Behavioral Health Facility since they are opiate addicts seeking treatment for the addiction (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2016). Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

The fourth step involved conducting a community health assessment to determine the specific needs of the population. At this step, the key persons who can identify the principal data themes that represent the popular community opinions were engaged and their opinions collected. In addition, community health statistics were evaluated. The fifth step involved prioritizing the health issues with a focus on organizing the themes in terms of need for attention and impact. This step determined that although RISE program is a tool for addressing opiate addiction in the community, its effectiveness can be improved for better results. The sixth step entailed developing a community health improvement plan that would target the identified aggregate for improved public health. This step suggested the specific strategies for improving the RISE program. The seventh step entailed implementing and monitoring the plan with a focus on applying and collecting data on the performance of the improvement strategies. The final step involved evaluating the plan for process and outcomes with a focus on how well the strategies performed and whether there was a need for changes (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2016). Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

 

 

Diagnosis

The first step in the care plan is the patient diagnosis. The patients were subjected to standardized tests to assess addiction and recovery. These tests included CAGE-AID Test, Recovery Attitude and Treatment Evaluation, Addiction Severity Index, and Drug Abuse Screening Test (Sperry, 2016; Wheeler, 2014). Notable features in the diagnosis are psychological dependence and physical dependence. An important aspect of the patient diagnosis is the client assessment for opiate dependencies, toxicities, withdrawal, and other related risk factors. Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

Some of the notable risk factors include a vulnerability to peer pressure, present of a psychiatric disorder, proneness to self-medication, risk-taking tendencies, unsuccessful life, poor pain tolerance, and low self-esteem. The general physical symptoms and signs identified during diagnosis include poor health state, cool and moist hands, shakiness, poor hygiene, and hyperactivity. The general behavioral symptoms and signs include poor attention span, drug seeking behaviors, possession of opiates and associated paraphernalia, problems with law enforcement, school and other social institutions, poor work performance, forgetfulness, low tolerance for frustration, and irritability (Sperry, 2016). Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

The symptoms and signs of opiate addiction, use and abuse that the nurse was keen on include piloerection (goose bumps), diarrhea, spasms, muscular pain, tremors, diaphoresis, poor attention span, memory loss, slurred speech, sedation, euphoria, confusion, impaired gait and coordination, and pupil constriction. The withdrawal symptoms and signs for opiates include dilated pupils, weakness, muscular spasms, dysphoria, perspiration, loss of appetite, vomiting, nausea, fever, insomnia, and piloerection (Sperry, 2016). Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

Care Plan

The care plan was informed by diagnosis and focused on some of their most important and immediate needs such as imbalanced nutrition, anxiety, sleep deprivation, risk of constipation, ineffective coping and social isolation. It also engaged patients in conducting journal entries documenting their progress. This encouraged the patients to practice balanced nutrition, a good night’s sleep and cultivating a positive attitude which was crucial for successful sobriety. The failure of adherence was associated with being negative, not eating, not sleeping or feeling hopeless making it impossible for them to succeed without these goals, positive reinforcement and constant encouragement.

Intervention Implementation

Implementation began with the collection of core background information on the two chosen patients and listening to them expressing their current feelings and inadequacies. The intervention employed was patient education on sleep and balanced nutrition which were parallel complaints affecting their recovery. This was carried out for 8 to 9 months with information being gathered through one-on-one discussions and also during weekly group meetings. The patients presented to the clinic every Wednesday expressing their feelings over the past week, their current concerns or needs, take a drug test and medications were reviewed and changed as needed. They also joined a group meeting on completion of everyone’s appointments. Failed drug tests were accommodated by the program and addressed with encouragement and reassurance as a therapeutic tool to improve the patient’s feelings of self-worth, self-respect, self-assurance and self-confidence. Re-education on the importance of a good night’s sleep and healthy diet as well as journalism was employed to encourage the participants. Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

 

 

Evaluation

The main objective of any project is to produce successful outcomes facilitated by effective implementation. In my capstone project, I would confirm that I implemented the intervention as planned. Firstly, I was able to select a very efficient aggregate and sample to work with. The project sought to resolve a community health issue which in this case was opiate addiction among the people of Albany, Georgia. I had planned to implement a comprehensive care plan in 8 to 9 weeks which was successfully achieved. My care plan also demonstrated compatibility with the RISE program, a publicly funded medication assisted treatment program that assists volunteer patients with opiate addiction. Moreover, no new challenges were experienced during the course of the project and the participants were cooperative. Moreover, the goals of the intervention were achieved.

Notably, there are multiple signs of success for the intervention. For instance, there was no record of non-adherence for the participating patients. This means that the project was effective and efficient enough in a manner that enables the patient to cooperate. The patients visited the clinic every Wednesday for education, testing, review of medications and general diagnosis without fail. They also joined an individual and group discussion as recommended by the care plan which promoted progressive follow up. Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

On the other hand, the care plan records a significant reduction of health issues. These include managed generalized anxiety disorders, sleeping problems, nutrition and appetite issues, feelings of hopelessness, risk of constipation, social isolation and ineffective coping. The care plan has successfully developed positive attitudes towards recovery and resolved these immediate and most important needs influencing opiate addiction. Furthermore, re-education was seen to improve the adherence to the care plan, improve self-esteem and encouraged patients to continue. Other signs include reduced cases of drug test error which occurred only once as well as well as reduced financial wastage whereby the participants abstained from purchasing opiates. This also translates to better quality of life and improved productivity in the society. In general, all the patients have demonstrated positive outcomes since the beginning of the care plan with one testing negative for drug test while the other one tested slightly positive and was focused and determined to become completely clean of the drug. Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

The projected effectiveness of the plan before the implementation and the actual effectiveness do not differ significantly. Firstly, the project sought to implement patient education in assisting the mental health patients at Aspire Behavioral Health in Albany, Georgia with the intention of gaining more insights on this field which was successfully achieved. The integration of the intervention to the RISE program was successful as planned and as well drug test errors occurred as projected by the care plan. It was also expected that the plan would influence, educate and encourage the patients and become a significant part of their journey towards sobriety which happened in the actual sense. Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

However, the care plan was expected to complete within 8 to 9 weeks with a complete recovery of the participants. In actual effectiveness, this was not achieved because one patient tested slightly positive for the drug test. In addition, continuous sleep, nutrition/ hydration education was still necessary for the patient to successfully manage their mental disorders as well as attain sobriety. According to the projected results before implementation, the patients’ needs were to be completely resolved by the end of the project timeline. Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

 

Implementation of the Care Plan

The implementation of the care plan begins with selecting a group of study. In this case, the group selected consists of a young adult population with opiate addiction withdrawal symptoms seeking treatment for the addiction. The nursing diagnoses that I have focused on are anxiety, sleep deprivation and imbalanced nutrition. These patients were effective for the RISE program because of their vulnerability to death and disease associated with drug addiction. Drug addiction interferes with the immunity of an individual making it difficult to fight opportunistic infections among the patients and as well increases health risks and the risk of death itself. Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

I specifically chose mental health and this aggregate because it is an area that I am least passionate about. I felt I needed growth and a better understanding of what these patients are experiencing and how they feel. I want to know more about how they got started, what influences their sobriety and their future expectations. Most importantly, I wanted to influence, educate and encourage them over these ten weeks and be a significant part of their journey. Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

The intervention to be implemented involves the integration of the RISE program into the care plan. This will entail patient diagnosis whereby the substance addicted patients will undergo a series of tests to identify the underlying medical conditions and the extent of substance use effects. Diagnosis will also focus the assessment of addiction and recovery. Moreover, it will identify the symptoms, causes and severity of the patients’ anxiety, sleep deprivation and malnutrition. This will help tackle multiple health risks including the alteration of normal judgment, physical and brain functioning which could result in engagement in risky behaviors as well as render the patients dependent (Sperry, 2016). Other health risks include vulnerability to peer pressure, low self-esteem, poor pain tolerance, unsuccessful life, risk-taking tendencies, proneness to self-medication and presence of psychiatric disorders (Sperry, 2016). Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

The implementation of the care plan seeks to achieve an appropriate treatment for the nursing diagnoses of anxiety, sleep deprivation and poor, unbalanced nutrition. The treatments for these diagnoses involve both a pharmacological and psychological approach which seek to achieve an effective management of the conditions as well as sufficiently treat the symptoms and opioid addiction among the participating individuals. It is also expected that the patients will resume their engagement in productive activities, one group meeting a week, one drug test a week and as well as maintain their recovery through avoidance and abstinence from the abuse of drugs and engagement in risky behaviors. Their psychosocial aspects and quality of lives should also be able to improve within the period of implementation of the care plan and throughout the duration of the program in its entirety. Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

The implementation strategy to be employed will involve the selection of the appropriate evidence-based intervention, the participating group and resources required as well as the identification of the appropriate site for implementation. The key features of the intervention will be identified so as to closely monitor and adhere to them. Afterwards, an implementation will be followed by the evaluation of effectiveness through the measurement of outcomes (wheeler, 2014). Information about the patients will be gathered. The diagnosis and treatment will eventually follow for symptoms and pain management, social support and coping together with the assistance in transitioning to the community level of care. Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

Multiple resources will be required for implementation. These include human resources such as nurses and physicians to conduct a medical diagnosis and treatment. Financial resources are also necessary for purchases of the patient’s necessities including tests, medications and psychiatric services as well as compensation for healthcare providers. Fortunately for the patients, the RISE program is publicly funded and none of these treatments, tests or medications are at any cost to them. The program also makes use of professional knowledge to leverage technical tools (medication and equipment) that help in managing opiate addiction within a safe and controlled environment. With these resources, the implementation of the care plan will be carried out over the next four weeks. This will ensure that the patients have enough time to adjust and adapt to the new changes and hence, the measurement of the outcomes will be effective and efficient after this duration. The RISE program itself and the treatment offered has no expiration. Patients are allowed to receive treatment for as long as they maintain sobriety and follow all RISE program protocols. If a patient fails two drug tests two weeks in a row, they must sign a contract stating that they will not fail another drug test without being dismissed from the program. This also goes for missing more than two group meetings two weeks in a row.  Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

 

Care and Disaster Management Plan

Nursing Care Plan

The project has identified the aggregate as RISE program participants from Albany in Georgia. This population of interest comprises of opiate addicts who are seeking treatment for the addiction. Opiates are identified to include Oxycodone, Morphine, Methadone, Codeine, and Heroin. The first step in the care plan is the patient diagnosis. In this case, opiate addiction would be defined as the constant and unending need for opiates even when it causes the patient to have serious economic, social, psychological and/or physical harm and consequences that include a loss of control over the opiate use and abuse. It is important to note that a diagnosis for opiate addiction can occur with or without physical dependence. Also, the patient would be subjected to standardized tests to assess addiction and recovery. These tests include CAGE-AID Test, Recovery Attitude and Treatment Evaluation, Addiction Severity Index, and Drug Abuse Screening Test (Sperry, 2016; Wheeler, 2014). Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

Notable features in the diagnosis are psychological dependence and physical dependence. Psychological dependence refers to the continued use of opiates to avoid unpleasant experiences and occur that could occur if the opiate is not taken. Physical dependence ensues if ceasing to use the opiate causes adverse physical effects that could be heightened if the cessation is abrupt and rapid. As previously indicated, physical dependence is not necessarily an indication of opiate addiction; since addiction could be present with or without any physical dependence (Sperry, 2016). Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

An important aspect of the patient diagnosis is the client assessment for opiate dependencies, toxicities, withdrawal, and other related risk factors. Some of the notable risk factors include a vulnerability to peer pressure, present of a psychiatric disorder, proneness to self-medication, risk-taking tendencies, unsuccessful life, poor pain tolerance, and low self-esteem. The general physical symptoms and signs identified during diagnosis include poor health state, cool and moist hands, shakiness, poor hygiene, and hyperactivity. The general behavioral symptoms and signs include poor attention span, drug seeking behaviors, possession of opiates and associated paraphernalia, problems with law enforcement, school and other social institutions, poor work performance, forgetfulness, low tolerance for frustration, and irritability (Sperry, 2016). Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

The symptoms and signs of opiate addiction, use and abuse that the nurse would be keen on include piloerection (goose bumps), diarrhea, spasms, muscular pain, tremors, diaphoresis, poor attention span, memory loss, slurred speech, sedation, euphoria, confusion, impaired gait and coordination, and pupil constriction. The withdrawal symptoms and signs for opiates include dilated pupils, weakness, muscular spasms, dysphoria, perspiration, loss of appetite, vomiting, nausea, fever, insomnia, and piloerection (Sperry, 2016). Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

Once the patient has been diagnosed with opiate abuse and/or addiction condition, the next step is to conduct treatment. The first treatment approach is pharmacotherapy whereby antipsychotic medication are prescribed to manage the symptoms. These medication restore the brains natural chemical balance to eliminate or reduce the psychotic symptoms. The second treatment approach is supportive psychosocial interventions that are used as adjuncts to the psycho-education programs and pharmacotherapy. They are intended to reduce relapse, improve medication adherence, quality of life and social functioning, and alleviate residual symptoms. They include individual and group approaches (Sperry, 2016). Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

An important consideration when offering nursing treatment for opiate addiction is the presentation of opioid withdrawal syndrome, an uncomfortable and distressing but typically not life-threatening experience for the patient. It occurs when opiates intake is stopped or markedly decreased. The symptoms for syndrome typically include nausea, muscle cramps, joint aches, irritability, gooseflesh, pupillary dilation, feeling tired, poor sleep, depression (dysphoria), perspiration, diarrhea, yawning, vomiting, runny nose, runny eyes, and restlessness. Three of medication can be prescribed for the syndrome. Firstly, Methadone that is prescribed to prevent the withdrawal symptoms through decreasing opioid craving, relieving pain, and blocking ‘highs’ if the opioid is substituted. It helps in detoxification and maintenance of abstinence. Secondly, Buprenorphine that is prescribed to prevent the withdrawal symptoms. It blocks ‘highs’ if opioid is substituted. It acts as a pain medication and reduces opioid craving. Thirdly, Naltrexone that is prescribed after the patient has completely withdrawn from the opiate since taking it alongside opiates could precipitate the withdrawal syndrome. It helps with detoxification and maintaining abstinence. The three medication are supplemented by counseling to improve outcomes (Sperry, 2016; Wheeler, 2014). Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

In addition, nursing diagnoses will be conducted for anxiety, sleep deprivation, and imbalanced nutrition as existing concerns. The nursing diagnosis for anxiety would identify feelings of apprehension caused by anticipation of danger among the patients. The nursing assessment would be conducted for presence of culture-bound anxiety states, level of anxiety, influence of cultural values and beliefs, coping techniques, and physical reactions. Nursing interventions would focus on awareness, supportive environments, interactions, conversations, and reducing sensory stimuli (Wayne, 2019a). The nursing diagnosis for sleep deprivation would identify disruptions in the quality and amount of sleep. Nursing assessment would note sleep patterns and circumstances hindering sleep. Nursing interventions would focus on helping patients to obtain optimal amounts of sleep as evidenced by improved sleep patterns, and rested appearance (Wayne, 2019c). The nursing diagnosis for imbalanced nutrition would identify the patient’s nutritional status and if nutrient intake is less than the body requirements. Nursing assessment would note the patient’s weight, nutritional history, relevant etiological factors, review laboratory values, and check physical signs. The nursing intervention would offer nutritional support (Wayne, 2019b). Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

Disaster Management Plan

The geographical location of the aggregate is Albany, Georgia. A review of the natural disasters that have occurred in the location reveal that it has a high probability of experiencing tornadoes. In fact, its tornado index is reported at 221.78, a figure that is higher than the Georgia State average at 179.92 and the US national average at 136.45. This implies that the risk of tornado damage is higher in Albany when compared to the state average and national average. In fact, the location has experienced 82 tornado events with magnitude of 2 or higher in the period between 1951 and 2007. These events have resulted in 42 fatalities and property damage approximated at $250 million. Other natural disasters of significance to the area are thunderstorm winds, hail and floods of which 1,174, 368 and 96 events (respectively) were recorded from 1950 to 2010 within 50 miles of Albany (World Media Group, 2020). Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

It is evident that Albany has a higher risk of experiencing tornadoes and hail than any other natural disaster since they have occurred with the highest frequency from 1950. Strategies for handling these disasters would be presents from two perspectives. The first perspective is preparedness involving continuously planning, equipping, training and exercises. Planning for the two disasters entails identifying places in which to take shelter, familiarizing with and monitoring the warning system systems, and establishing procedures to account for individuals in case the disasters occur. Underground locations are preferred for sheltering (such as storm cellars and basements) since they offer the best protection. In addition, there is a need to implement accountability procedures presented as warning systems to ensure that aggregate remains safe in case the disasters occur. Two warning systems are typically used. Firstly, a watch system that requires the aggregate to closely monitor media stations (television and radio) for information on the disaster progress so that they are able to take shelter prior to occurrence, and can check for supply kits. Secondly, a warning system that offers information on an imminent threat if the disaster has been sighted or indicated through radar with the aggregate expected to immediately take shelter (Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2020). Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

Equipping activities involve getting emergency supplies kits and keeping them in shelter locations. The recommended items for the kit include cellphones with chargers and backup batteries, local maps, manual can opener, wrench for utilities, personal sanitation items, dust masks, signal whistle, first aid kit, flashlight, battery powered radio, food and water. In addition, prescription and non-prescription medication should be stocked to include laxatives, antidiarrheal medication, and pain relievers (Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2020).

Training and exercises activities involve ensure that the aggregate know what to do in case of an emergency. In addition, it requires regularly practicing for shelter-in-place plans, and updating procedures and plans based on lessons learned from the exercises (Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2020). Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

 

Risk assessment

Strengths and weakness of the aggregate

The aggregate has been identified as RISE program participants from Albany in Georgia. The program is offered at the Aspire Behavioral Health Facility in Albany, Georgia. A review of the aggregate and the community in which it resides reveals some strengths and weakness. Three strengths were identified. The first strength is an awareness of the detriments of opiate addiction and the need to seek treatment. RISE program attends to volunteer patients who recognize that they are addicted to opiates and need treatment to address the addiction. The personal recognition makes the aggregate more receptive to treatment. The second strength is the presence of a treatment program (RISE program) that offers the aggregate both technical and professional assistance to manage the addiction. The program makes use of professional knowledge to leverage technical tools (medication and equipment) that help in managing opiate addiction within a safe and controlled environment. The third strength is that the treatment and counseling services offered as part of the program are freely available to the aggregate (Milstead & Short, 2019).

In addition to the three strengths, four weaknesses were identified. The first weakness is the continued availability of opiates; especially their availability through drug peddlers who consider opiates a profitable business opportunity. The second weakness is discrimination that identifies the aggregate as ‘miscreants’ who are out to cause trouble. This is a widely held notion whereby the aggregate is considered criminal in nature since they are influenced by the addiction to engage in criminal activity. The third weakness is familiar venues of opiates use. The aggregate have an intimate knowledge of their environment and know where they can get opiates so that they can easily access them even as they seek treatment. The final weakness is peer influence whereby the aggregate has created a small community of fellow opiate users so that they are easily influenced to use the opiates as they remain within the same community (Milstead & Short, 2019). As a result, the aggregate and community has three strengths and four weaknesses. Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

Risk assessment

The community was assessed as a client since the issue of interest is opiate addiction management and treatment, which is of interest to the whole community. The risk assessment was applied in a step-wise process. The first step entailed organizing and planning to engage in community health intervention. This step identified the available strengths and capabilities, such as feasible scope and accessible resources. For instance, the current program acknowledges that there are limited resources thereby restricting the scope of the intervention. The second step entailed engaging the community whereby the community of interest was identified in terms of geographical area and demographics. The present program identified the community as Albany, Georgia. The third step entailed developing a goal/vision for the identified community and aggregate. In the present case, opiate addiction has been identified as a concern in the community thus resulting in the need to identify this concern. As a result, the aggregate restricted to participants in the RISE program offered at the Aspire Behavioral Health Facility since they are opiate addicts seeking treatment for the addiction (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2016). Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.

The fourth step involved conducting a community health assessment to determine the specific needs of the population. At this step, the key persons who can identify the principal data themes that represent the popular community opinions were engaged and their opinions collected. In addition, community health statistics were evaluated. The fifth step involved prioritizing the health issues with a focus on organizing the themes in terms of need for attention and impact. This step determined that although RISE program is a tool for addressing opiate addiction in the community, its effectiveness can be improved for better results. The sixth step entailed developing a community health improvement plan that would target the identified aggregate for improved public health. This step suggested the specific strategies for improving the RISE program. The seventh step entailed implementing and monitoring the plan with a focus on applying and collecting data on the performance of the improvement strategies. The final step involved evaluating the plan for process and outcomes with a focus on how well the strategies performed and whether there was a need for changes (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2016). Evaluation of Plan Effectiveness Criteria/Final Capstone Paper/Project.